Normalized Top-100 Security Papers

This webpage is an attempt to assemble a ranking of top-cited papers from the area of computer security. The ranking has been created based on citations of papers published at top security conferences. More details are available here.

Absolute citations are not necessarily a good indicator for the impact of a paper, as the number of citations usually grows with the age of a paper. The following list shows an alternative ranking, where the citations are normalized by the age of each paper.

Top 100 papers normalized by age ⌄

  1. 1
    Xinyue Shen, Zeyuan Chen, Michael Backes, Yun Shen, and Yang Zhang:
    "Do Anything Now": Characterizing and Evaluating In-The-Wild Jailbreak Prompts on Large Language Models.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2024
    699 cites at Google Scholar
    9008% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  2. 2
    Nicholas Carlini and David A. Wagner:
    Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Neural Networks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2017
    11403 cites at Google Scholar
    7157% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  3. 3
    Gelei Deng, Yi Liu, Yuekang Li, Kailong Wang, Ying Zhang, Zefeng Li, Haoyu Wang, Tianwei Zhang, and Yang Liu:
    MASTERKEY: Automated Jailbreaking of Large Language Model Chatbots.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2024
    397 cites at Google Scholar
    5073% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  4. 4
    Martín Abadi, Andy Chu, Ian J. Goodfellow, H. Brendan McMahan, Ilya Mironov, Kunal Talwar, and Li Zhang:
    Deep Learning with Differential Privacy.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2016
    8259 cites at Google Scholar
    4635% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  5. 5
    Mihir Bellare and Phillip Rogaway:
    Random Oracles are Practical: A Paradigm for Designing Efficient Protocols.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 1993
    6912 cites at Google Scholar
    4563% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  6. 6
    Nicholas Carlini, Jamie Hayes, Milad Nasr, Matthew Jagielski, Vikash Sehwag, Florian Tramèr, Borja Balle, Daphne Ippolito, and Eric Wallace:
    Extracting Training Data from Diffusion Models.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2023
    780 cites at Google Scholar
    4121% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  7. 7
    Vipul Goyal, Omkant Pandey, Amit Sahai, and Brent Waters:
    Attribute-based encryption for fine-grained access control of encrypted data.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2006
    7289 cites at Google Scholar
    3869% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  8. 8
    Reza Shokri, Marco Stronati, Congzheng Song, and Vitaly Shmatikov:
    Membership Inference Attacks Against Machine Learning Models.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2017
    6097 cites at Google Scholar
    3780% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  9. 9
    Nicholas Carlini, Matthew Jagielski, Christopher A. Choquette-Choo, Daniel Paleka, Will Pearce, Hyrum S. Anderson, Andreas Terzis, Kurt Thomas, and Florian Tramèr:
    Poisoning Web-Scale Training Datasets is Practical.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2024
    270 cites at Google Scholar
    3418% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  10. 10
    Stephanie Forrest, Alan S. Perelson, Lawrence Allen, and Rajesh Cherukuri:
    Self-nonself discrimination in a computer.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1994
    3315 cites at Google Scholar
    3368% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  11. 11
    Paul Kocher, Jann Horn, Anders Fogh, Daniel Genkin, Daniel Gruss, Werner Haas, Mike Hamburg, Moritz Lipp, Stefan Mangard, Thomas Prescher, Michael Schwarz, and Yuval Yarom:
    Spectre Attacks: Exploiting Speculative Execution.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2019
    3592 cites at Google Scholar
    3250% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  12. 12
    Nicolas Papernot, Patrick D. McDaniel, Somesh Jha, Matt Fredrikson, Z. Berkay Celik, and Ananthram Swami:
    The Limitations of Deep Learning in Adversarial Settings.
    IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P), 2016
    5452 cites at Google Scholar
    3025% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  13. 13
    Nicolas Papernot, Patrick D. McDaniel, Ian J. Goodfellow, Somesh Jha, Z. Berkay Celik, and Ananthram Swami:
    Practical Black-Box Attacks against Machine Learning.
    ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (AsiaCCS), 2017
    4725 cites at Google Scholar
    2907% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  14. 14
    D. F. C. Brewer and Michael J. Nash:
    The Chinese Wall Security Policy.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1989
    1531 cites at Google Scholar
    2906% above average of year
    Visited: May-2025
    Paper: DOI
  15. 15
    Dawn Xiaodong Song, David A. Wagner, and Adrian Perrig:
    Practical Techniques for Searches on Encrypted Data.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2000
    5369 cites at Google Scholar
    2892% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  16. 16
    Matt Fredrikson, Somesh Jha, and Thomas Ristenpart:
    Model Inversion Attacks that Exploit Confidence Information and Basic Countermeasures.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2015
    3851 cites at Google Scholar
    2756% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  17. 17
    Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson, and Paul F. Syverson:
    Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2004
    6666 cites at Google Scholar
    2742% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  18. 18
    Nicholas Carlini, Steve Chien, Milad Nasr, Shuang Song, Andreas Terzis, and Florian Tramèr:
    Membership Inference Attacks From First Principles.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2022
    906 cites at Google Scholar
    2714% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  19. 19
    Kushal Babel, Andrey Chursin, George Danezis, Anastasios Kichidis, Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias, Arun Koshy, Alberto Sonnino, and Mingwei Tian:
    Mysticeti: Reaching the Latency Limits with Uncertified DAGs.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2025
    60 cites at Google Scholar
    2679% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  20. 20
    Wen-jie Lu, Zhicong Huang, Zhen Gu, Jingyu Li, Jian Liu, Cheng Hong, Kui Ren, Tao Wei, and Wenguang Chen:
    BumbleBee: Secure Two-party Inference Framework for Large Transformers.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2025
    59 cites at Google Scholar
    2633% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  21. 21
    Kallista A. Bonawitz, Vladimir Ivanov, Ben Kreuter, Antonio Marcedone, H. Brendan McMahan, Sarvar Patel, Daniel Ramage, Aaron Segal, and Karn Seth:
    Practical Secure Aggregation for Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2017
    3922 cites at Google Scholar
    2396% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  22. 22
    Steven M. Bellovin and Michael Merritt:
    Encrypted key exchange: password-based protocols secure against dictionary attacks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1992
    2284 cites at Google Scholar
    2357% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  23. 23
    Nicolas Papernot, Patrick D. McDaniel, Xi Wu, Somesh Jha, and Ananthram Swami:
    Distillation as a Defense to Adversarial Perturbations Against Deep Neural Networks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2016
    4206 cites at Google Scholar
    2311% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  24. 24
    Lucas Bourtoule, Varun Chandrasekaran, Christopher A. Choquette-Choo, Hengrui Jia, Adelin Travers, Baiwu Zhang, David Lie, and Nicolas Papernot:
    Machine Unlearning.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2021
    1187 cites at Google Scholar
    2306% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  25. 25
    Reza Shokri and Vitaly Shmatikov:
    Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2015
    3223 cites at Google Scholar
    2290% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  26. 26
    Li Gong, Roger M. Needham, and Raphael Yahalom:
    Reasoning about Belief in Cryptographic Protocols.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1990
    1057 cites at Google Scholar
    2259% above average of year
    Visited: May-2025
    Paper: DOI
  27. 27
    Arvind Narayanan and Vitaly Shmatikov:
    Robust De-anonymization of Large Sparse Datasets.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2008
    3736 cites at Google Scholar
    2223% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  28. 28
    Giuseppe Ateniese, Randal C. Burns, Reza Curtmola, Joseph Herring, Lea Kissner, Zachary N. J. Peterson, and Dawn Xiaodong Song:
    Provable data possession at untrusted stores.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2007
    4052 cites at Google Scholar
    2203% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  29. 29
    Ruijie Meng, Martin Mirchev, Marcel Böhme, and Abhik Roychoudhury:
    Large Language Model guided Protocol Fuzzing.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2024
    169 cites at Google Scholar
    2102% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  30. 30
    Yao Liu, Michael K. Reiter, and Peng Ning:
    False data injection attacks against state estimation in electric power grids.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2009
    4010 cites at Google Scholar
    2102% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  31. 31
    Minghong Fang, Xiaoyu Cao, Jinyuan Jia, and Neil Zhenqiang Gong:
    Local Model Poisoning Attacks to Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2020
    1598 cites at Google Scholar
    2102% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  32. 32
    Hammond Pearce, Benjamin Tan, Baleegh Ahmad, Ramesh Karri, and Brendan Dolan-Gavitt:
    Examining Zero-Shot Vulnerability Repair with Large Language Models.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2023
    406 cites at Google Scholar
    2097% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  33. 33
    Matt Blaze, Joan Feigenbaum, and Jack Lacy:
    Decentralized Trust Management.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1996
    3445 cites at Google Scholar
    2090% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  34. 34
    Vern Paxson:
    Bro: A System for Detecting Network Intruders in Real-Time.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 1998
    4204 cites at Google Scholar
    2086% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  35. 35
    Moritz Lipp, Michael Schwarz, Daniel Gruss, Thomas Prescher, Werner Haas, Anders Fogh, Jann Horn, Stefan Mangard, Paul Kocher, Daniel Genkin, Yuval Yarom, and Mike Hamburg:
    Meltdown: Reading Kernel Memory from User Space.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2018
    2958 cites at Google Scholar
    2075% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  36. 36
    Daniel Arp, Michael Spreitzenbarth, Malte Hubner, Hugo Gascon, and Konrad Rieck:
    DREBIN: Effective and Explainable Detection of Android Malware in Your Pocket.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2014
    3090 cites at Google Scholar
    2029% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  37. 37
    Laurent Eschenauer and Virgil D. Gligor:
    A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2002
    5594 cites at Google Scholar
    1994% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  38. 38
    Luca Melis, Congzheng Song, Emiliano De Cristofaro, and Vitaly Shmatikov:
    Exploiting Unintended Feature Leakage in Collaborative Learning.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2019
    2221 cites at Google Scholar
    1971% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  39. 39
    Andy Zhou, Xiaojun Xu, Ramesh Raghunathan, Alok Lal, Xinze Guan, Bin Yu, and Bo Li:
    KnowGraph: Knowledge-Enabled Anomaly Detection via Logical Reasoning on Graph Data.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2024
    156 cites at Google Scholar
    1933% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  40. 40
    Yupei Liu, Yuqi Jia, Runpeng Geng, Jinyuan Jia, and Neil Zhenqiang Gong:
    Formalizing and Benchmarking Prompt Injection Attacks and Defenses.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2024
    155 cites at Google Scholar
    1920% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  41. 41
    Eli Ben-Sasson, Alessandro Chiesa, Christina Garman, Matthew Green, Ian Miers, Eran Tromer, and Madars Virza:
    Zerocash: Decentralized Anonymous Payments from Bitcoin.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2014
    2895 cites at Google Scholar
    1894% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  42. 42
    Stephanie Forrest, Steven A. Hofmeyr, Anil Somayaji, and Thomas A. Longstaff:
    A Sense of Self for Unix Processes.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1996
    3131 cites at Google Scholar
    1890% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  43. 43
    Ahmed E. Kosba, Andrew Miller, Elaine Shi, Zikai Wen, and Charalampos Papamanthou:
    Hawk: The Blockchain Model of Cryptography and Privacy-Preserving Smart Contracts.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2016
    3375 cites at Google Scholar
    1835% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  44. 44
    Reza Curtmola, Juan A. Garay, Seny Kamara, and Rafail Ostrovsky:
    Searchable symmetric encryption: improved definitions and efficient constructions.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2006
    3532 cites at Google Scholar
    1823% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  45. 45
    Manos Antonakakis, Tim April, Michael D. Bailey, Matt Bernhard, Elie Bursztein, Jaime Cochran, Zakir Durumeric, J. Alex Halderman, Luca Invernizzi, Michalis Kallitsis, Deepak Kumar, Chaz Lever, Zane Ma, Joshua Mason, Damian Menscher, Chad Seaman, Nick Sullivan, Kurt Thomas, and Yi Zhou:
    Understanding the Mirai Botnet.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2017
    2983 cites at Google Scholar
    1798% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  46. 46
    Yuchen Yang, Bo Hui, Haolin Yuan, Neil Gong, and Yinzhi Cao:
    SneakyPrompt: Jailbreaking Text-to-image Generative Models.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2024
    143 cites at Google Scholar
    1763% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  47. 47
    Alessandro Acquisti and Ralph Gross:
    Imagined Communities: Awareness, Information Sharing, and Privacy on the Facebook.
    International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETS), 2006
    3389 cites at Google Scholar
    1745% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  48. 48
    Yajin Zhou and Xuxian Jiang:
    Dissecting Android Malware: Characterization and Evolution.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2012
    3118 cites at Google Scholar
    1706% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  49. 49
    Úlfar Erlingsson, Vasyl Pihur, and Aleksandra Korolova:
    RAPPOR: Randomized Aggregatable Privacy-Preserving Ordinal Response.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2014
    2600 cites at Google Scholar
    1691% above average of year
    Visited: May-2025
    Paper: DOI
  50. 50
    Xiaoyu Cao, Minghong Fang, Jia Liu, and Neil Zhenqiang Gong:
    FLTrust: Byzantine-robust Federated Learning via Trust Bootstrapping.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2021
    877 cites at Google Scholar
    1677% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  51. 51
    Weilin Xu, David Evans, and Yanjun Qi:
    Feature Squeezing: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Deep Neural Networks.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2018
    2403 cites at Google Scholar
    1667% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  52. 52
    Bolun Wang, Yuanshun Yao, Shawn Shan, Huiying Li, Bimal Viswanath, Haitao Zheng, and Ben Y. Zhao:
    Neural Cleanse: Identifying and Mitigating Backdoor Attacks in Neural Networks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2019
    1859 cites at Google Scholar
    1634% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  53. 53
    Xinlei He, Xinyue Shen, Zeyuan Chen, Michael Backes, and Yang Zhang:
    MGTBench: Benchmarking Machine-Generated Text Detection.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2024
    132 cites at Google Scholar
    1620% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  54. 54
    Nibesh Shrestha, Rohan Shrothrium, Aniket Kate, and Kartik Nayak:
    Sailfish: Towards Improving the Latency of DAG-Based BFT.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2025
    37 cites at Google Scholar
    1614% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  55. 55
    Thomas Ristenpart, Eran Tromer, Hovav Shacham, and Stefan Savage:
    Hey, you, get off of my cloud: exploring information leakage in third-party compute clouds.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2009
    3068 cites at Google Scholar
    1585% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  56. 56
    Loi Luu, Duc-Hiep Chu, Hrishi Olickel, Prateek Saxena, and Aquinas Hobor:
    Making Smart Contracts Smarter.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2016
    2918 cites at Google Scholar
    1573% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  57. 57
    Jeffrey O. Kephart and Steve R. White:
    Directed-Graph Epidemiological Models of Computer Viruses.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1991
    1257 cites at Google Scholar
    1571% above average of year
    Visited: May-2025
    Paper: DOI
  58. 58
    Ari Juels and Burton S. Kaliski Jr.:
    Pors: proofs of retrievability for large files.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2007
    2926 cites at Google Scholar
    1563% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  59. 59
    Karl Koscher, Alexei Czeskis, Franziska Roesner, Shwetak N. Patel, Tadayoshi Kohno, Stephen Checkoway, Damon McCoy, Brian Kantor, Danny Anderson, Hovav Shacham, and Stefan Savage:
    Experimental Security Analysis of a Modern Automobile.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2010
    2698 cites at Google Scholar
    1549% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  60. 60
    Haowen Chan, Adrian Perrig, and Dawn Xiaodong Song:
    Random Key Predistribution Schemes for Sensor Networks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2003
    4441 cites at Google Scholar
    1530% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  61. 61
    Saad Ullah, Mingji Han, Saurabh Pujar, Hammond Pearce, Ayse K. Coskun, and Gianluca Stringhini:
    LLMs Cannot Reliably Identify and Reason About Security Vulnerabilities (Yet?): A Comprehensive Evaluation, Framework, and Benchmarks.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2024
    124 cites at Google Scholar
    1516% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  62. 62
    Payman Mohassel and Yupeng Zhang:
    SecureML: A System for Scalable Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2017
    2514 cites at Google Scholar
    1500% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  63. 63
    Daniel Arp, Erwin Quiring, Feargus Pendlebury, Alexander Warnecke, Fabio Pierazzi, Christian Wressnegger, Lorenzo Cavallaro, and Konrad Rieck:
    Dos and Don'ts of Machine Learning in Computer Security.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2022
    511 cites at Google Scholar
    1487% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  64. 64
    Nils Lukas, Ahmed Salem, Robert Sim, Shruti Tople, Lukas Wutschitz, and Santiago Zanella Béguelin:
    Analyzing Leakage of Personally Identifiable Information in Language Models.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2023
    285 cites at Google Scholar
    1442% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  65. 65
    Yuval Yarom and Katrina Falkner:
    FLUSH+RELOAD: A High Resolution, Low Noise, L3 Cache Side-Channel Attack.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2014
    2224 cites at Google Scholar
    1432% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  66. 66
    Jiawen Zhang, Xinpeng Yang, Lipeng He, Kejia Chen, Wen-jie Lu, Yinghao Wang, Xiaoyang Hou, Jian Liu, Kui Ren, and Xiaohu Yang:
    Secure Transformer Inference Made Non-interactive.
    Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2025
    33 cites at Google Scholar
    1429% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  67. 67
    Ari Juels and Martin Wattenberg:
    A Fuzzy Commitment Scheme.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 1999
    2291 cites at Google Scholar
    1406% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  68. 68
    Robin Sommer and Vern Paxson:
    Outside the Closed World: On Using Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2010
    2463 cites at Google Scholar
    1405% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  69. 69
    Joseph A. Goguen and José Meseguer:
    Security Policies and Security Models.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 1982
    3210 cites at Google Scholar
    1402% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  70. 70
    Stephen Checkoway, Damon McCoy, Brian Kantor, Danny Anderson, Hovav Shacham, Stefan Savage, Karl Koscher, Alexei Czeskis, Franziska Roesner, and Tadayoshi Kohno:
    Comprehensive Experimental Analyses of Automotive Attack Surfaces.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2011
    2440 cites at Google Scholar
    1380% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  71. 71
    Florian Tramèr, Fan Zhang, Ari Juels, Michael K. Reiter, and Thomas Ristenpart:
    Stealing Machine Learning Models via Prediction APIs.
    USENIX Security Symposium, 2016
    2557 cites at Google Scholar
    1366% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  72. 72
    Martín Abadi, Mihai Budiu, Úlfar Erlingsson, and Jay Ligatti:
    Control-flow integrity.
    ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2005
    2706 cites at Google Scholar
    1346% above average of year
    Visited: Jun-2025
    Paper: DOI
  73. 73
    Joseph Bonneau, Andrew Miller, Jeremy Clark, Arvind Narayanan, Joshua A. Kroll, and Edward W. Felten:
    SoK: Research Perspectives and Challenges for Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies.
    IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2015
    1948 cites at Google Scholar
    1345% above average of year
    Visited: Jul-2025
    Paper: DOI
  74. 74
    Phillip A. Porras and Richard A. Kemmerer:
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